If you have a disability and cannot work, you may be able to receive money from the government to help. The Social Security Administration (SSA) runs two main programs that pay disability benefits: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Although they sound similar, they apply to different people, each with its own rules, so it’s essential to understand the difference between SSDI and SSI to know which benefits you may qualify for.
Understanding the differences before you apply is helpful. This article breaks them down and shows you what to do if you qualify for SSDI and SSI benefits for people with disabilities, helping you navigate the process confidently.
Key Differences Between SSDI and SSI
Understanding which program fits your situation begins with examining your work history, income, and medical needs. Let’s break down what sets each one apart.
- SSDI: Insurance-Based Disability Benefits: SSDI is available to individuals who have paid into the Social Security system through payroll taxes and earned enough work credits—typically 40, with 20 earned in the last 10 years. If you meet the SSA’s medical eligibility requirements and have sufficient credits, you may qualify for monthly SSDI payments based on your lifetime earnings rather than your current income. Most SSDI recipients also become eligible for Medicare after receiving benefits for 24 months.
- SSI: Needs-Based Disability Benefits: Supplemental Security Income (SSI) doesn’t require a work history and assists individuals with disabilities—or those over 65—with limited income and assets. People must meet income-based assistance rules and strict resource limits to be eligible. As of 2025, individuals must have under $2,000 in countable assets ($3,000 for couples). However, certain items, such as a home or car, may be excluded. SSI provides a federally set monthly payment, which state funds may supplement. Recipients typically qualify for Medicaid immediately in most states, including New York.
- Shared Medical Requirements: SSDI and SSI require the same disability determination process. You must show that your condition prevents you from working for at least 12 months or is expected to result in death.
That’s why having a lawyer on your side can make a big difference. They understand the system’s workings and can guide you toward the right path.
Can You Receive Both SSDI and SSI?
Yes, it’s possible to qualify for both. This is known as receiving concurrent benefits. If your SSDI payment is very low—perhaps due to a short work history or low earnings—you may also qualify for SSI to boost your income.
For example, someone who became disabled early in their career might have earned enough credits to get SSDI but may not receive much per month. SSI can supplement their total benefit if their income and assets fall within income-based assistance thresholds.
However, the SSA reduces SSI payments by the SSDI you receive. Your combined benefits cannot exceed the maximum SSI payment. Because SSI is a needs-based benefit, any other income—including SSDI—reduces what you receive.
Receiving both benefits can be helpful, but the application process becomes more complex. An experienced disability attorney can help you determine eligibility and gather the proper documentation to apply for both programs.
How to Apply for SSDI or SSI
It’s essential to prepare your materials carefully, as even minor errors can lead to delays or denials. Here’s what you can do to get ready:
- Review Your Eligibility: Start by evaluating whether you meet the work credit requirements for SSDI or fall within SSI’s asset and income limits; the SSA’s Benefit Eligibility Screening Tool can help you check. If unsure, speak with a disability attorney who can assess your situation and help you avoid applying for the wrong program.
- Gather Documents: For SSDI, collect your work history, tax documents, and evidence of your earned work credits. For SSI, gather records showing your current income, assets, and living expenses. For both programs, you’ll need medical records, prescription lists, doctor statements, and diagnostic test results supporting your claim.
- Complete the Application: You can apply for disability benefits online at ssa.gov, by phone, or at a Social Security office. Please clearly explain your condition and list all relevant doctors and treatment dates. Your claim could be delayed or denied if your information is missing or unclear. The SSA may also ask you to take another exam if they need additional proof.
- Wait for a Decision: Initial decisions typically take three to five months. However, most first-time applications are denied due to insufficient documentation or the SSA concluding that your disability isn’t severe enough. You have the right to appeal if denied, but strict deadlines apply. The appeals process involves several stages: reconsideration, a hearing before an administrative law judge, a review by the Appeals Council, and, if needed, a review by a federal court. Each of these stages takes time and can be derailed by avoidable mistakes.
The process is complex and highly technical. Experienced legal guidance can significantly improve your chances of getting your claim approved.
Why Legal Guidance Makes a Difference
Applying for disability benefits can be a frustrating process. The forms are detailed, the rules are complicated, and the wait can feel endless. That is especially when you’re already dealing with a serious health issue.
That’s why legal guidance matters. A knowledgeable advocate can help you avoid common mistakes, gather the proper medical evidence, and present a stronger case. Whether you’re applying for SSDI, SSI, or both, having someone who understands how the SSA works can make the process less stressful and more effective.
The appeals process brings new challenges if your claim has already been denied. From organizing your records to preparing for a hearing, legal support can help you stay focused and ready at every step.
Ready to Take the Next Step?
Whether you need help understanding your eligibility, gathering paperwork, or filing an appeal, you don’t have to go through it alone. Let Fusco, Brandenstein & Rada, P.C. guide you through the disability benefits process in Woodbury from start to finish.
Call 516-496-0400 today to schedule your free consultation. Our team is here to help you understand your rights and take the first step toward securing the necessary benefits. We’re here to help you pursue the support you need to move forward with confidence.